This is an example lexicon
Ceci est un exemple de lexique
‘Pay-as-you-go’ model
Contrary to 'pre-paid' model, you only pay for the travels you make
Accident
Unwanted or unintended sudden event or a specific chain of such events which have harmful consequences; accidents are divided into the following categories: collisions; derailments; level crossing accidents; accidents to persons involving rolling stock in motion; fires and others
Area of operation
Network or networks within one or more Member States where a railway undertaking intends to operate.
ARS
Automatic Route Setting
ATO-OB
Automatic Train Operation - Onboard (unit)
ATO-TS
Automatic Train Operation - Trackside
ATO
Automatic Train Operation is technology for automating the operation of trains. The degree of the automatisation is shown by the Grade of Automatation (GoA)
Automatic Train Operation
ATP
Automatic Train Protection
B2B Intermodal services
Arrangements between transit businesses (operators) with the objective to deliver intermodal services.
CMS
System dealing with the long- to short-term planning and allocation of rail infrastructure capacity
Capacity Management System
Capacity Planning
Capacity Planning is an instrument to determining the total theoretically available capacity supply (max. number of journeys per direction) and compare it to demand. Capacity can be requested from long term to short term (ad hoc slot ordering). Capacity planning supports the planning along all-time horizons (strategic to short term).
Capacity Plan
The capacity plan comprises any planned capacity usage (traffic and construction works) at any point in time during the planning period. The aim is a consistent and conflict free capacity plan.
Capacity Production
Capacity production is the implementation of the operational plan. Capacity production begins when the train starts its scheduled mission and ends with when it ends.
Capacity
The total overall capability of the infrastructure that can be utilised by traffic or by maintenance. Capacity may apply to specific geographic sectors like stations or lines. Capacity usage must be requested, which results in capacity demand.
Causes
Actions, omissions, events or conditions, or a combination thereof, which led to an accident or incident;
City Transit Operators
Business participant (private) managing public transit services with a municipality scope (eg. Shuttle services, local minibuses etc.)
CBTC
Communication-Based Train Control
CDM
Conceptual Data Model (TMS)
Data model of the railway system focused on project- and platform-independent representation of the conceptual constituents of the rail system. The Conceptual Data Model adheres to a semantic approach. It leverages industry standards and federates from specialist modelling initiatives, where present, to model the various domains of the rail system.
Conceptual Data Model
Conflict
A conflict is any difference between the operational plan and the forecast, regardless of any actual need for intervention to resolve it.
C-DAS
Realizes a communications link to the Control Centre (or Traffic Management Centre) in each controlled area in which the train operates. This enables the provision of schedule, routing and speed restriction updates to trains in near real time, and also receipt of information from trains to the IM control centre to improve regulation decisions.
Connected Driver Advisory System
Connector
A component of the federated dataspace trhough which a Participant in the ecosystem:
Consumer of data
User, application or system that uses data collected by other systems or stored in repositories.
Control center
A centralised control system that controls the train movements in a large territory. from which to operate and supervise the system.
CCS
All the equipment necessary to ensure safety and to command and control movements of trains authorised to travel on the network.
Control Command and Signalling
Control room
Core functional entity, and its associated physical structure, where Operators are stationed to carry out centralized control, monitoring and administrative responsibilities.
Data sharing
Means the publishing of data where access control may be applied
Decision
A decision is a single action intended to make a modification the operational plan.
Demand Responsive Transport
Demand Responsive Transport operates along more flexible routes in a more on-demand way. The routing is dynamic to pick-up and drop-off additional passengers en-route without significantly increasing the overall journey time. In most cases, these services are tendered and commissioned by the public sector, but in some casses they are owned and operated by private companies.
Development of the railway infrastructure
Network planning, financial and investment planning as well as the building and upgrading of the infrastructure.
Deviation
A deviation is any difference between the operational plan and the actual state of traffic; unlike a conflict, deviations may only be mitigated but not solved.
DATO
Digital Automated Train Operation
Digital Twin
a logical construct incorporating data, models, algorithms, software and so on that is associated with a physical system at various stages of his life cycle and exchanges data with it
Dispatching
Dispatching is the sum of actions intended to make modifications to the operational plan.
Disruption management
Management of transport service disruption by considering solutions within the affected transport service and/or alternative transport modes as recovery strategies. The ultimate goal is to enable affected travellers to continue their own journeys.
Distributed Ledger
A distributed ledger (also called a shared ledger or distributed ledger technology or DLT) is the consensus of replicated, shared, and synchronized digital data that is geographically spread (distributed) across many sites, countries, or institutions.[
DAS
Driver Advisory System
ETS
Electric Traction System
End-User representatives
Individual End-Users chosen to contribute to the system development process
End-Users
Those who have the potential to be affected by the introduction of new assets or technologies or by proposed modifications to existing assets or technologies (includes operational staff or supplier maintenance staff and passengers).
Entities specialized in accessibility
Organizations that define, promote, and improve the accessibility of services, products, and environments for people with disabilities.
TAF/TAP TSI
ERTMS Technical Specification for Freight / Passenger train operations
ERTMS
European Rail Traffic Management System
The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is a single European signalling and speed control system that ensures interoperability of the national railway systems, reducing the purchasing and maintenance costs of the signalling systems as well as increasing the speed of trains, the capacity of infrastructure and the level of safety in rail transport.
European Traffic Management System (ERTMS)
ERA
European Union Agency for Railways
Extensive disruptions to traffic
Means that train services on a main railway line are suspended for six hours or more
Federated Catalog
A Component of the federated dataspace that stores machine-readable descriptions of the data resources and policies by which data resources are made available by Producers. The catalog provides search and discovery capabilities used by Consumers to look for available data resources. Catalog entries retrieved by Consumers are used by Consumers to initiate contract negotation with the Producer in order to initiate the retrieval of the contracted data resource from the Producer's connector
Federated Dataspace
A data space is a federated data and service ecosystem enabling the voluntary, sovereign and secure sharing of data between different entities, such as industry, SMEs and public administrations. The concept applies to various sectors, such as manufacturing, energy, tourism, health, mobility and freight.
FMI
functional mock-up interface
FMU
functional mock-up unit: a software library that implements a digital twin simulation model according to the FMI specification
Forecast
The forecast displays the future state of traffic. It based on the current operational state. The forecast projects the current operational plan into the future. A forecast for each train run under consideration of mutual train influence is processed (train run time, section run time, minimal section run time, detailed topology, headways and train sequence, circulation, connection, etc.).
FRMCS
Future Rail Mobile Communication System
GoA
Grade of Automation (ATO)
HMI guidelines
Set of suggestions, recommendations, procedures and best practices to be followed in order to design and develop an HMI system with usability compliant with expectations, reduce chance of human errors and Operators’ workload and improve situational awareness.
Human Factor
HMI
Human Machine Interface is mainly the space and environment in which interactions between humans and machines occur, through complex relations between input and output exchanged among several sub-systems and/or peripheral devices and presented by means of the display of graphical elements and data, from where Operators can issue commands and supervise the sub-systems behaviour.
Human Machine Interface
Human-Machine Interface
Incident
Means any occurrence, other than an accident or serious accident, affecting the safety of railway operations;
Infrastructure capacity
The potential to schedule train paths requested for an element of infrastructure for a certain period
Any body or undertaking for establishing, managing and maintaining railway infrastructure, including traffic management and control-command and signalling. The functions of the IMs on a network or part of a network may be allocated to different bodies or firms
Infrastructure Manager
Infrastructure Operators
Municipal organization responsible for maintenance of infrastructure such as roads, electricity, etc.
Integration Layer
Interlocking
A general term applied to the controlling of the setting and releasing of “signals” and “points” to prevent unsafe conditions arising, and equipment which performs this function.
Journey Profile (ATO/C-DAS))
MaaS platform
A MaaS platform is a technical platform providing Mobility as a Service (MaaS).
Macroscopic infrastructure model
Node-link-models that contain aggregate information on nodes and links.
Master Data
Master data represents "data about the business entities that provide context for business transactions".
Mesoscopic infrastructure model
Node-link-models as syntheses of microscopic and macroscopic infrastructure models. Signal blocks and headways are modelled only in stations and interlocking areas, not on links.
Metro Service Provider
Specific Transport Service Provider that provides metro services and means of transports.
Microscopic infrastructure model
Node link models that contain, depending on their purpose, the highest possible level of detail on nodes and links
Mobility Account Provider
Derivation from retailer. Business participant owning the Mobility Account.
Mobility Account
Online account supporting travel services pre and post paid, frequently used in multi-modality
Mobility demand
The mobility demand covers the users of the mobility service and their needs, choices and preferences. The following are described as being part of the demand side:
Mobility package
Set of mobility services that can be purchased as a whole by travellers. Widely used in MaaS
Mobility service
A mobility service is the integration of, and access to, different transport services that are integrated into a single mobility service representing the best value proposition for the user and being accessible anytime on demand.
Multimodal transport
Multimodal transport (also known as combined transport) is the transportation of goods under a single contract, but performed with at least two different modes of transport
Municipal Independent Operators
Municipality management personnel
Representatives of e.g. road management reporting on roadworks, city council reporting on festivals, etc. Generally trusted sources from municipal governing or affecting bodies.
NETEX
NeTEx is a CEN Technical Standard for exchanging Public Transport schedules and related data. It is divided into three parts, each covering a functional subset of the CEN Transmodel for Public Transport Information:
Network Timetable Exchange
OCC Operator
Person who is responsible for monitoring and controlling the systems and processes within the Operation Control Centre (OCC). The operator's role may include tasks such as: - Monitoring the status of equipment, systems, and processes in real-time. - Responding to alerts and alarms generated by the monitoring systems. - Coordinating and managing traffic. - Troubleshooting issues and resolving problems that arise. - Communicating with other operators, technicians, and stakeholders to coordinate activities and resolve issues. - Following established procedures and protocols to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the control centre.
OJP
The Open API for distributed Journey Planninge (OJP) is a protocol standardised by CEN to enable cross-system journey planning and access to various other services commonly offered by Journey Planning systems.
Open API for distributed journey planning
OSDM
OSDM (Open Sales and Distribution Model) defines an API to enable and simplify the sale of transport products. The API allows Retailers to access transport products provided by distributors. It also allows distributors to access transport product bricks provided by carriers or fare providers to build combined transport products. The aim of OSDM is to provide a simple API to access required information online, however OSDM also rovides an offline data exchange of fares.
Open Sales and Distribution Model
Operating state
The operating state describes the current state of production:
Operational Plan
Analogous to the capacity plan, the operational plan supplies the train and traffic control and all other components with the operational train data. The operational plan is fed from the active timetable buffer and contains all trains (from the timetable buffer) that are currently in their operational time window. The operational plan is the result of various influences (decisions from dispatching, map data, etc.). It is updated every single minute.
OSDM distributer
The distributor manages the lifecycle of a product sold (the travel contract). He therefore needs to establish information exchange with the retailer, carriers and TCOs involved. The distributor makes products available to the retailer. The distributor could provide direct services to the passenger to modify the ticket status (e.g. activate / check in on a ticket). The distributor combines fares defined by the carriers according to their rules.The distributor creates the ticket fulfillment data (e.g. pdf, pkpass, …). The distributor is introduced to separate the role of just selling tickets along a route (retailer) from the role of creating the ticket content and providing it to retailers for sale.
Other multimodality operators
Business participant offering non-public services for multimodal travel (eg. Taxi operator, bike rentals, scooter rental, car sharing)
Person with Disabilities or Person with Reduced Mobility
Any person who has a permanent or temporary physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment which, in interaction with various barriers, may hinder his or her full and effective use of transport on an equal basis with other passengers or whose mobility when using transport is reduced due to age
Plan Execution (RCA)
Rail Administrator / Infrastructure Manager
Body or firm responsible in particular for establishing, managing and maintaining railway infrastructure, including traffic management and control-command and signalling». In addition, the management of royalties.
RIM
(Rail) Infrastructure Manager
Rail Infrastructure Manager
R-CDM
Rail-Collaborative Decision Making (RNE)
Rail-Collaborative Decision Making
RNE
Railnet Europe
Railway Service Provider
Specific Transport Service Provider that provides railway services and means of transports.
Any public or private undertaking, the principal business of which is to provide services for the transport of goods and/or passengers by rail with a requirement that the undertaking ensure traction; this also includes undertakings which provide traction only.
Railway Undertaking
Real time
The ability to exchange or process information on specified events (such as arrival at a station, passing a station or departure from a station) on the trains journey as they occur.
RTTP
Real-time Traffic Plan (as managed by a TMS)
RCA
Reference CCS Architecture
Regulatory body
A body established by Member States responsible for monitoring competition in the railway market and to which an applicant has the right to appeal in cases where it believes it has been unfairly treated, discriminated against or is any other way aggrieved, in particular against decisions adopted by an infrastructure manager or where appropriate a railway undertaking
Retailer
A retailer is an organization selling the products of Transport service provider(s) using the services of distributors. A TSP can play the role of a retailer in connection with both its own products and those of a partner TSP by whom it is licensed.
Revenue Settlement
Revenue distribution. In interoperable mobility platforms, the distribution of the revenue between operators
Route
The particular section or sections of line
Scheduled stop
Planned stop for commercial or operational reasons.
Segment Profile (ATO/C-DAS)
Role of an organization offering service(s), especially but not exclusively to transportation.
Service Provider
SFERA
Smart Communications for Efficient Rail Activities
Staff
Employees working for a railway undertaking or an infrastructure manager, or their contractors, undertaking tasks as specified in this Regulation.
SCI-OP
Standard Communication Interface Operational Plan (RCA)
SIRI-SX
The SIRI Situation Exchange service covers the exchange of information describing an incident, typically an unplanned event such as a disruption, but also planned events that affect public transport or its use, such as engineering works, or major public events that will affect the use or availability of transport.
Standard Interface for Real-time Information
Station Operator
Entity responsible for administration and operation of railway station building and related infrastructure (focus especially on station building not platforms)
TSI
A specification adopted in accordance with this Directive by which each subsystem or part of a subsystem is covered in order to meet the essential requirements and ensure the interoperability of the Union rail system
Technical Specification for Interoperability
TAF
Applications for freight services, including information systems (real-time monitoring of freight and trains), marshalling and allocation systems, reservation, payment and invoicing systems, management of connections with other modes of transport and production of electronic accompanying documents.
Telematics Applications for Freight services
TAP
Applications for passenger services, including systems which provide passengers with information before and during the journey, reservation and payment systems, luggage management and management of connections between trains and with other modes of transport.
Telematics Applications for Passenger services
TCR
All planned event which lead to a reduction of infrastructure capacity during a specific time, necessary to keep the infrastructure and its equipment in good condition and to allow infrastructure development in accordance with market needs.
Temporary Capacity Restriction
Capacity restriction is a temporary full or partial unavailability of network infrastructure due to construction works, maintenance, inspection works or due to environmental influences and disruptions.
Terminal operator
Freight terminal = A structure equipped for transhipment between at least two transport modes or between two different rail systems,
Timetable planner, - IM and RU
Means somebody or firm responsible in particular for establishing, managing and maintaining railway infrastructure, including traffic management and control-command and signalling; the functions of the infrastructure manager on a network or part of a network may be allocated to different bodies or firms.
TTR
"Timetable Redesign" (TTR) for optimal capacity management (TTR for Smart Capacity Management) is a project to review the current passenger and freight timetabling process defined in synergy between RailNet Europe (Infrastructure Managers) and Forum Train Europe (Railway Undertakings), in collaboration with the European Rail Freight Association (ERFA) and also shared with European institutional bodies (European Commission, Ministries, Regulatory Bodies), aimed at improving the degree of standardisation and efficiency of the railway system.
Timetable Redesign
Timetable
Document or system that gives details of a train(s) schedule over a particular route.
Timing Point (ATO/C-DAS)
TMS
1. Ensemble of applications providing permanent control across the network, automatically sets routes for trains and logs train movements as well as detects and maybe solves potential conflicts.
Traffic Management System
Traffic Management
TCMS
Train Control and Monitoring System
TCS
Train Control and Supervision (System)
TPE
Train Path Envelope
Train
A train is defined as (a) traction unit(s) with or without coupled railway vehicles with train data available operating between two or more defined points.
TSP
Means any private or public company authorised to transport people in domestic or international passenger traffic. A ‘transport service provider’ accepts travel documents issued by the accredited sales points of its distributors. It plays the role of the contractual carrier with which the passenger has entered into a contract of carriage. Execution of the transport service may be entrusted, in part or in full, to a substitute carrier
Transport Service Provider
Travel transaction
Type of fare transaction associated with pay-as-you-go.
Traveller (Mobility service user)
The traveller or mobility service user is very often the entity that requests the mobility service, selects the mobility service fulfilling the user needs and preferences, uses the service and pays for it.
Urban Transport Service Provider
Company that provides public transportation services, such as buses, trains, trams, and subways.
Weather station
Facility equipped with instruments for measuring atmospheric conditions such as temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and precipitation.
Working timetable
The data defining all planned train and rolling-stock movements which will take place on the relevant infrastructure during the period for which it is in force
Workstation
The computer from which the User operates the system: normally this will comprise of one or more monitors, central processing unit and any other necessary peripherals.
Yard
Marshalling yard - Site especially equipped with a number of tracks or other equipment for railway vehicle marshalling (switching)
Railway Infrastructure